|
KMID : 0984920140160010028
|
|
Journal of Skin Barrier Research
2014 Volume.16 No. 1 p.28 ~ p.35
|
|
|
Ions, Cytokines and the Skin Barrier
|
|
Ko Hyun-Chang
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
The skin is the largest organ of human body and has a crucial function as barrier to protect from the harmful environment. When this barrier is dysfunctional, there is unregulated loss of fluid and electrolytes that leads to great morbidity. Keratinocytes are generated at the lowest layer of the epidermis and get differentiated as they move towards the surface. They form the skin barrier by undergoing a highly complex differentiation process that involves changing their morphology and structural integrity, a process referred to as cornification. Barrier homeostasis is strongly associated with the exquisite regulation of ions and cytokines of the epidermis. Healthy epidermis contains a gradient of calcium ion concentration that correlates with growth and differentiation of keratinocytes. Recently, some ion channels have been found in epidermal keratinocytes. Especially, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are expressed in keratinocytes, and play important roles in differentiation, proliferation and barrier homeostasis. Keratinocytes and other skin resident cells produce cytokines that are responsible for the control of cellular communication. Cytokine signaling can result in multiple consequences for the barrier function of the skin.
|
|
|
KEYWORD
|
|
|
Calcium, Calcium gradient, Cytokine, Keratinocyte, Ion, Ion channel, Skin barrier, Transient receptor potential
|
|
|
FullTexts / Linksout information
|
|
|
|
|
|
Listed journal information
|
|
|
|
|